Economy February 23, 2026

RBA examines monthly inflation readings as potential alternative policy gauge

Reserve Bank continues to rely on quarterly trimmed mean but is studying monthly measures as more data accumulate

By Priya Menon
RBA examines monthly inflation readings as potential alternative policy gauge

A senior Reserve Bank of Australia official said the central bank is analysing underlying inflation measures built from new monthly consumer price data to determine whether a monthly-based gauge might eventually replace the quarterly measure it currently favours. The RBA will continue to prioritise the quarterly trimmed mean for now, and any change would be some way off with policymakers communicating in advance of decisions. The bank recently raised its cash rate by a quarter-point to 3.85% after inflation reaccelerated following three rate cuts last year.

Key Points

  • The RBA is analysing underlying inflation measures constructed from the new monthly CPI data while continuing to rely on the quarterly trimmed mean measure for now.
  • Any decision to change the preferred inflation gauge would be some way off and policymakers say they will communicate their approach ahead of any formal change - impacts: financial markets, fixed-income investors, borrowers sensitive to interest rates.
  • The bank raised rates by a quarter-point to 3.85% after inflation reaccelerated following three rate cuts last year - impacts: borrowing costs, corporate and household finance, and interest-rate-sensitive sectors.

The Reserve Bank of Australia is probing underlying inflation indicators derived from recently released monthly data to see whether one or more of those measures could serve as a preferred guide for monetary policy in future, a senior RBA official said on Tuesday.

Speaking at an event in Sydney, Michael Plumb, head of the economic analysis department at the RBA, said the central bank's present focus remains on quarterly data and that it will continue to use the "trimmed mean measure" to assess underlying inflationary pressures.

"That said, we have also been analysing underlying inflation measures constructed using the monthly data," Plumb told the audience. He added that as additional monthly readings become available, the bank aims to determine "which underlying inflation measures from the monthly data will be preferred in a post-quarterly CPI world."

Plumb stressed that any shift in the preferred gauge would not be immediate. He said policymakers would outline their thinking in advance of taking any formal decision, indicating a deliberate and communicative approach to potential change.

The RBA was compelled to lift interest rates by a quarter-point this month to 3.85% after inflation reaccelerated following three rate cuts last year. Despite the introduction of monthly CPI figures, the central bank has emphasised it will continue to rely on the quarterly trimmed mean measure to gauge inflation trends.

Officials have noted that the new monthly series can be volatile and that it will take time for seasonal adjustment processes to mature and provide a reliable basis for policy use. That observation underlines why any transition away from the quarterly measure would be gradual, Plumb said.

In sum, the RBA is actively evaluating monthly-based measures of core inflation while maintaining its present analytical focus. The bank's recent rate increase to 3.85% reflects the committee's response to renewed upward pressure on inflation, and authorities signal they will communicate clearly before adopting any new measurement framework.

Risks

  • Monthly inflation figures are volatile and seasonal adjustments will take time to stabilise, which may limit the immediate usefulness of monthly measures for policy decisions - impacts: policymaking clarity and market pricing.
  • Any change in the preferred inflation gauge is likely to be delayed, creating a protracted period of assessment and potential uncertainty about the eventual measurement approach - impacts: financial markets and businesses monitoring policy signals.
  • Recent reacceleration in inflation forced a quarter-point rate increase to 3.85% after three rate cuts last year, underscoring the risk that inflation dynamics can prompt abrupt shifts in policy stance - impacts: borrowers and interest-rate-sensitive sectors.

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