Economy February 25, 2026

Reeves Aims for Quiet Spring Forecast as UK Faces Larger Fiscal Tests Ahead

Finance minister seeks a muted update next week, but constrained headroom and new spending pressures leave tougher choices for later in the year

By Avery Klein
Reeves Aims for Quiet Spring Forecast as UK Faces Larger Fiscal Tests Ahead

British finance minister Rachel Reeves will present the Office for Budget Responsibility's latest forecasts in a Spring Budget update that she hopes will be routine. The OBR is expected to pare back short-term growth and inflation projections and will publish public borrowing forecasts, but it will not reassess the remaining fiscal 'headroom' Reeves has to meet her targets. That headroom was judged in November at almost 22 billion pounds ($30 billion). Analysts say it has changed little since then, while slower growth, rising costs or other shocks could force future tax increases or spending cuts. Political uncertainty around Prime Minister Keir Starmer's position and fresh demands on spending - including defence and special educational needs reform - increase the risk that larger fiscal measures will be required in the November full budget.

Key Points

  • Reeves will present OBR forecasts expected to trim short-term growth and inflation projections and to publish updated public borrowing figures.
  • The OBR chose in November to judge the remaining fiscal headroom at almost 22 billion pounds ($30 billion); analysts say that margin has changed little and is small by historical standards.
  • Larger fiscal choices are likely in the November full budget as pressures on defence spending, special educational needs reform, and falling net migration could increase borrowing needs.

Summary: Rachel Reeves is scheduled to deliver a Spring Budget update next week that will set out the Office for Budget Responsibility's latest economic and public finance forecasts. The finance minister wants the occasion to pass without major policy shocks, with the government intending to reserve its main fiscal decisions for the full budget in November. The OBR is expected to lower its short-term projections for economic growth and inflation and to publish updated public borrowing figures, but it will not reassess how much fiscal space Reeves has left to meet her targets.


What Reeves will present

In parliament, Reeves will lay out the OBR's refreshed projections that underpin spending and tax plans. Those projections are expected to show weaker short-term growth and lower inflation than previously forecast. The OBR will also release its updated estimates for public borrowing, which form a core input to the government's fiscal strategy.

Notably, the OBR will not be asked to re-evaluate how much "headroom" remains under the government's fiscal rules. Reeves has said she wants to concentrate on a single major fiscal event each year - the comprehensive budget statement scheduled for the autumn - and has signalled this update should be low profile.


How much room remains?

In its November assessment, the OBR judged that the government had almost 22 billion pounds of headroom - cited alongside a dollar equivalent of $30 billion - to remain within its fiscal targets. That figure was more than double an earlier estimate but is small by historical standards. Market commentators and analysts who track the numbers estimate that the headroom has barely moved since November.

That limited margin means Reeves could face pressure to raise taxes further or to pare back spending in future if the economy weakens more than expected, if public spending rises, or if other developments increase borrowing needs.


Why Reeves prefers a low-key update

Each of Reeves' three previous fiscal events - two full budgets and a March update - was preceded by intense speculation about possible tax increases. Similar concerns before the November full budget were cited as a factor in weak economic growth in late 2025. Reeves and the prime minister are seeking to avoid repeating that dynamic, hoping a routine Spring Forecast will reassure businesses and encourage households to spend some of the savings they have accumulated.


Political backdrop and leadership risks

The government's ability to deliver a calm fiscal environment is complicated by political instability. Reeves and Prime Minister Keir Starmer campaigned on a promise to end the upheaval associated with Brexit, but the prime minister's standing appears fragile after low poll ratings, a number of policy reversals, and lingering controversy from his decision more than a year ago to appoint Peter Mandelson as U.S. ambassador despite Mandelson's ties to Jeffrey Epstein. Upcoming votes - an election this Thursday for a parliamentary seat and local elections in May - will further test Starmer's position. The article's source material also notes it is unclear whether Reeves or Starmer will still be in their posts when some of the larger budgetary pressures arise.


What to expect in the autumn

Bigger fiscal choices are likely to land in Reeves' full budget in November. By that time, it should be clearer whether the government is on track to meet its fiscal rules or will need to adjust taxes or spending. Several explicit pressures could force that adjustment.

One potential headwind is the recent sharp fall in net migration to Britain, which could slow overall economic growth and affect tax receipts. Another is increased defence spending: the prime minister has said Britain should accelerate defence investment, and reports have suggested he might advance a target to raise defence outlays to 3% of economic output. The OBR has quantified that policy as costing an additional 17 billion pounds a year.

Other new demands on the budget include funding reforms to Britain’s special educational needs programme. Collectively, these items would add to the fiscal burden and could consume much of the limited headroom the OBR recorded in November.


Implications for markets and households

Reeves' hope for a subdued update is aimed at stabilising business investment decisions and household spending patterns. A low-key Spring Forecast could reduce short-term policy uncertainty. But the underlying fiscal constraints and growing spending demands mean investors, public services, and defence contractors will be watching the November budget closely for concrete changes in taxation and public spending priorities.

Exchange rate note: The OBR's November headroom estimate included a conversion into dollars at a rate showing $1 = 0.7407 pounds.


This article presents the facts and projections that Reeves and the OBR will be discussing in the Spring Budget update, and outlines the known fiscal pressures that could require larger decisions later in the year.

Risks

  • Weaker-than-expected economic growth - could force tax increases or spending cuts, affecting public services and consumer-facing sectors.
  • Rising demands on spending, such as defence increases and education reform - could strain the limited fiscal headroom and impact government contractors and public-sector budgets.
  • Political instability around the prime minister's position - may complicate policy continuity and increase market and business uncertainty, influencing investment decisions.

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