Economy February 21, 2026

Merz Says No Further Relaxation of Germany's Debt Brake Before 2029 Election

Chancellor reaffirms limits on fresh borrowing after earlier relaxation; party backs motion against additional reform

By Nina Shah
Merz Says No Further Relaxation of Germany's Debt Brake Before 2029 Election

Chancellor Friedrich Merz has ruled out any additional loosening of Germany's constitutionally protected borrowing cap - known as the "debt brake" - before the next federal election in 2029. Merz defended the decision as fiscally responsible, reiterating that the government has already taken on sufficient debt during the current legislative term after opening up substantial borrowing for defence and infrastructure following last year’s election.

Key Points

  • Chancellor Friedrich Merz ruled out further loosening of the constitutionally-enshrined "debt brake" before the 2029 federal election.
  • A relaxation of the debt brake after Merz's election last year freed up several hundred billion euros for defence and infrastructure spending.
  • The CDU passed a motion at its Stuttgart conference opposing additional reforms to the debt brake; critics warn new borrowing could support routine spending rather than addressing long-term underinvestment.

Chancellor Friedrich Merz has dismissed the prospect of further easing Germany's long-standing fiscal constraint known as the "debt brake" before the federal election scheduled for 2029. Speaking at his Christian Democratic Union's party conference in Stuttgart, Merz said it would be irresponsible to incur additional borrowing in the current legislative period.

Merz moved quickly last year to relax the constitutional limits on borrowing after winning the election in February. That decision unlocked several hundred billion euros, earmarked by the government for defence and infrastructure projects. The measure, however, provoked criticism from multiple quarters, including some within his own voter base.

Opponents have argued that the new headroom for borrowing provides the government with greater flexibility for routine or recurrent spending, rather than channeling funds into long-delayed capital investment that could strengthen the economy. Those critiques were part of the backdrop at the Stuttgart gathering, where delegates passed a motion opposing further changes to the debt brake.

Addressing the ARD broadcaster at the party conference, Merz was unequivocal about the limits he wants to observe. "In my view, taking on more debt is irresponsible," he said. He reiterated the message later in his remarks: "The fundamental message of this party conference is clear, and this is my own: We are taking on enough debt during this legislative period."

The chancellor's comments and the party's vote signal a consolidation of the current fiscal stance. By ruling out additional debt-limit reforms before 2029, the government has set an explicit boundary around further borrowing. The decision preserves the earlier relaxation as the principal change to the constitutional borrowing framework during this term.

While the measures taken last year freed substantial funds for defence and infrastructure, the debate that followed highlights political and public concerns over how newly available borrowing capacity is used. Critics maintain that the increased margin for debt could be applied to everyday spending priorities rather than addressing longer-term underinvestment in Europe’s largest economy - a point that resonated with delegates at the CDU conference.

For now, the policy position is clear: no additional loosening of the debt brake before the next federal vote in 2029, and a party resolution formalizing opposition to further reform during the current legislative period.

Risks

  • Political backlash from voters and party members over the original relaxation of the debt brake could constrain fiscal flexibility - impact on public-sector spending and political stability.
  • Concerns that increased borrowing capacity may be used for day-to-day expenditures rather than capital investment raise the risk of underinvestment persisting in defence and infrastructure sectors - impact on infrastructure and defence budgets.
  • Firmly ruling out further debt-limit changes before 2029 reduces options for fiscal response to future shocks during this legislative period - impact on overall macroeconomic policy flexibility.

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