Economy June 4, 2026 01:51 PM

Fed's Daly Says AI Could Exert Downward Pressure on Prices Over Several Years

San Francisco Fed president views AI-driven productivity gains as a long-run deflationary force, but not a factor for near-term policy

By Maya Rios

San Francisco Federal Reserve President Mary Daly said artificial intelligence has the potential to lower inflation over a five- to 10-year horizon, but she emphasized that this possibility is not material to current monetary policy decisions. Daly told a Bloomberg Tech audience that monetary policy operates on roughly a 12-month timeframe, AI-driven gains are visible in pockets of the economy but have not scaled broadly, and current inflation pressures are being driven primarily by tariffs and higher energy and food prices linked to the Iran war and rising oil costs.

Fed's Daly Says AI Could Exert Downward Pressure on Prices Over Several Years

Key Points

  • Mary Daly said AI could reduce inflation over a five- to 10-year period, but this is not relevant to near-term Fed policy which operates on about a 12-month horizon.
  • Daly stated AI is not contributing to current inflation; she identified tariffs and higher energy and food prices linked to the Iran war and rising oil as the main drivers.
  • There is evidence of AI-driven productivity gains in particular firms and sectors, but those gains have not yet scaled across the broader economy; generative AI is generally supplementing workers rather than replacing them.

San Francisco Federal Reserve President Mary Daly told attendees at a Bloomberg Tech event in San Francisco that artificial intelligence could help push inflation lower over a five- to 10-year period, but she stressed that the potential long-term disinflationary effect does not alter the Fed's near-term policy calculus.

Daly explained that the Federal Reserve frames policy around a roughly 12-month horizon, a cadence that makes longer-run structural developments less central to immediate interest-rate decisions. In that context, she said the prospect that AI-driven productivity gains might eventually lead to lower prices is not a pressing consideration for current monetary-policy choices.

The Fed official was explicit that AI is not playing a meaningful role in today's inflation. She pointed instead to tariffs as the primary contributor to elevated price pressures at present, along with higher energy and food costs tied to the Iran war. Daly noted that oil price increases are feeding through into both energy and food prices.

On the subject of productivity, Daly acknowledged evidence that AI has improved output at specific companies and within some sectors. However, she said those improvements have not yet materialized broadly across the economy. As a result, the aggregate productivity gains necessary to produce sustained downward pressure on inflation remain prospective rather than current.

Daly also addressed the labor implications of generative AI, observing that it is commonly being deployed to augment workers rather than replace them. She argued that, over time, productivity improvements from AI should make deflation possible, but she underscored that the timing of such effects is uncertain and therefore crucial to whether they influence policy actions.

In short, Daly characterized AI as a potential long-run disinflationary force visible in isolated cases today, but not yet a scalable or timely factor for the Federal Reserve's one-year policy horizon. Meanwhile, she identified tariffs and energy-related price pressures as the drivers of current inflation dynamics.

Risks

  • The timing of AI-driven productivity gains is uncertain, creating risk that anticipated disinflationary effects may not materialize within monetary policy horizons - impacts economy-wide and on markets sensitive to inflation expectations.
  • Persisting tariff-related price pressures and higher energy and food costs tied to geopolitical events and oil price movements could sustain inflation, affecting consumer-facing sectors and commodities-sensitive markets.

More from Economy

Putin Says Moscow Willing to Make Concessions if Kyiv Reciprocates Jun 4, 2026 Putin Says Moscow and Beijing Near New Energy Deals, Offers Few Details Jun 4, 2026 White House to Deploy Defense Production Act for Nearly $700 Million in Coal Aid Jun 4, 2026 Boston Fed Paper Says Fed Can Prioritize Inflation Over Jobs After Oil Shocks Jun 4, 2026 Boston Fed: Energy-sector shifts allow Fed to prioritize inflation risks from Middle East oil shock Jun 4, 2026