Commodities April 13, 2026 09:54 AM

OPEC trims second-quarter oil demand outlook as Iran conflict hits supplies

Producer group lowers Q2 demand forecast by 500,000 bpd while leaving 2026 growth estimate unchanged amid steep OPEC+ output losses

By Caleb Monroe
OPEC trims second-quarter oil demand outlook as Iran conflict hits supplies

OPEC reduced its estimate for global oil consumption in the second quarter by 500,000 barrels per day, marking its first public assessment of how the Iran war is affecting the market. The group left its full-year demand forecast for 2026 intact, citing an expected rebound later in the year, even as OPEC+ output plunged in March following disruptions tied to the effective closure of the Strait of Hormuz.

Key Points

  • OPEC cut its second-quarter global oil demand forecast by 500,000 bpd to 105.07 million bpd, down from 105.57 million bpd forecast previously.
  • OPEC left its full-year 2026 demand growth forecast unchanged, projecting an increase of 1.38 million bpd and expecting consumption to rebound later in the year.
  • OPEC+ crude output plunged in March to 35.06 million bpd, down 7.70 million bpd from February, with Iraq and Saudi Arabia making the largest cuts; a modest quota rise of 206,000 bpd for May was agreed but may be largely symbolic if production cannot be restored.

OPEC on Monday revised down its projection for world oil demand in the second quarter by 500,000 barrels per day, the organisation said in its monthly oil report - its first public estimate of the market impact of the Iran war. The new figure places Q2 global demand at 105.07 million barrels per day, compared with the 105.57 million bpd forecast in last month’s report.

The producer group said the reduction reflects a slight, transitory weakening in oil consumption growth across both OECD and non-OECD countries, driven mainly by continuing developments in the Middle East. In its own words:

"The demand growth for the second quarter of 2026 is revised down for both the OECD and non-OECD, driven mainly by slight transitory weakness in oil demand growth, given ongoing developments in the Middle East."

OPEC noted that its assessment indicates a smaller hit to annual demand from the conflict than some other forecasters, including the U.S. government’s Energy Information Administration. Despite the Q2 downgrade, OPEC kept its full-year outlook unchanged and continues to project that world oil demand will increase by 1.38 million bpd in 2026, anticipating consumption to rebound in later months.

The report highlighted the severe supply-side disruption that has accompanied the conflict. The war has effectively closed the Strait of Hormuz, a critical chokepoint for global oil shipments, shutting in millions of barrels of Middle East production and contributing to a sharp rise in fuel prices. That price surge has placed pressure on consumers and businesses worldwide and has prompted government measures to conserve supplies.

On the supply side, OPEC+ output fell markedly in March. According to the report's secondary-source estimates, crude oil production by OPEC+ averaged 35.06 million bpd in March, a decline of 7.70 million bpd from February. Iraq and Saudi Arabia accounted for the largest parts of that reduction.

Although OPEC+ agreed on April 5 to raise its production quotas by 206,000 bpd for May, the report cautioned that the modest increase will largely remain on paper so long as key members are unable to physically raise shipments because of the effective Hormuz blockage.


Market context and implications

  • OPEC’s downgrade for Q2 captures an immediate reaction to the conflict’s disruption of shipping lanes and regional output.
  • The decision to leave the annual demand growth forecast unchanged signals OPEC’s view that the demand slowdown in the middle of the year is temporary and likely to reverse.
  • Steep production losses among OPEC+ members have already cut global output substantially, weighing on the group’s ability to deliver on planned quota increases.

The report frames a market in which constrained supply and short-term demand weakness coexist, producing volatility in fuel prices and prompting policy responses to preserve available inventories. The combination of reduced shipments through the Strait of Hormuz and large month-on-month output declines within OPEC+ underpins the elevated uncertainty faced by oil markets at present.

Risks

  • Continued closure of the Strait of Hormuz could keep millions of barrels of Middle East production offline, sustaining high fuel prices and straining global supply - impacting energy and transportation sectors.
  • If key OPEC+ members remain unable to increase output, planned quota hikes may not translate into actual supply, maintaining price volatility and pressure on industrial consumers and businesses.
  • Short-term demand weakness across OECD and non-OECD nations, while described as transitory by OPEC, introduces uncertainty for oil markets and companies dependent on stable fuel costs, such as logistics and manufacturing.

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